exercises

1. dowolną techniką plastyczną stwórz plakat A4 do wybranej piosenki (na każdym plakacie ma się znaleźć tytuł piosenki i 5 nowych słów po angielsku)
2. wypisz nowe słówka i znajdź ich znaczenie (www.dict.pl) - Picture Dictionary na końcu zeszytu
3. naucz się wybranej piosenki na pamięć
4. znajdź po 3 wyrazy angielskie rymujące się z wyrazami (z listy wybierz 5 wyrazów) .:
lamb, star, bed, wall, wool, night, day, boy, girl, song
5. wybierz jedną piosenkę i w 5 zdaniach ustnie powiedz o jej pochodzeniu
6.  napisz własną 4-wersową (4 linijki) piosenkę dla dzieci (wymyśl 2 pary rymów i dobierz do nich treść)
extra 
znajdz w jedną piosenkę dla dzieci (np. w książce lub w internecie (np. na You Tube))

mother goose 3

MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB 

As a girl, Mary Sawyer had a pet lamb. One day she took it to school at the suggestion of her brother.
"Visiting school that morning was a young man by the name of John Roulstone, a nephew of the Reverend Lemuel Capen, who was then settled in Sterling. It was the custom then for students to prepare for college with ministers, and for this purpose Mr. Roulstone was studying with his uncle. The young man was very much pleased with the incident of the lamb; and the next day he handed me a slip of paper which had written upon it the three original stanzas of the poem".
John Roulstone or Sarah Josepha Hale is the author of „Mary had a little lamb”, which was first published on May 24, 1830.
nursery rhyme - wierszyk dla dziecka
actual - rzeczywisty
incident - wydarzenie, incydent
pet - ulubione zwierzę
nephew - siostrzeniec
publish - wydrukować

TWINKLE TWINKLE LITTLE STAR

The beautiful words of "Twinkle twinkle little star" teach children how to use words to paint a picture in the imagination.
The words create a comparison between the twinkling of the star to a sparkling diamond thus providing a perfect illustration of clever imagery and excellent use of the English language.
The joint authors of "Twinkle twinkle little star" were two sisters called Ann Taylor (1782-1866) and Jane Taylor (1783-1824).The first publication date was 1806.
thus - zatem, dlatego też
comparison - porównanie
teach - nauczać
create - tworzyć
excellent - wspaniałe
use - użycie

BAA BAA BLACK SHEEP

Onomatopoeia (e.g. baa baa in "Baa, baa black sheep") is the sound that shows children what noises do animals make. The wool industry was important to the country's economy from the Middle Ages.  
This rhyme is probably a political satire of the Plantagenet King Edward I (the Master) and the the export tax. The king collected taxes on all exports of wool in every port in the country.  
On the other hand this poem may introduce King Edward II (1307-1327). The best wool in Europe was produced in England, but the cloth workers from Flanders, Bruges and Lille were better skilled in the complex finishing trades such as dying and fulling (cleansing, shrinking, and thickening the cloth). King Edward II encouraged them to improve the quality of the final English products.
onomatopoeia - onomatopeja, wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy
sound - dźwięk
noise - hałas
industry - przemysł
satire - satyra
export tax - podatek eksportowy
collect - zbierać, zabierać
port - port
on the other hand - z drugiej strony
cloth - szmata, materiał
fishing trades - handel rybami, rybołówstwo
encourage - wspierać
improve - polepszyć
final - końcowe
associate - związać z, wspólnik
mention - wspomnieć
grasp - chwycić, zrozumieć
imitate - naśladować, imitować
therefore - zatem, w tym celu
tax - podatek, wystawiać na próbę
further - dlaszy, dalej
weaver - tkacz

HUMPTY DUMPTY

Humpty Dumpty was a colloquial term used in 15th century England to describe someone who was fat or obese - giving rise to lots of theories pertaining to the identity of Humpty Dumpty. However, in this case the question should be not Who was Humpty Dumpty but What was Humpty Dumpty? Humpty Dumpty was in fact an unusually large canon which was mounted on the protective wall of "St. Mary's Wall Church" in Colchester, England. It was intended to protect the Parliamentarian stronghold of Colchester which was in the temporarily in control of the Royalists during the period of English history, described as the English Civil War ( 1642 - 1649). A shot from a Parliamentary canon succeeded in damaging the wall underneath Humpty Dumpty causing the canon to fall to the ground. The Royalists 'all the King's men' attempted to raise Humpty Dumpty on to another part of the wall but even with the help of ' all the King's horses' failed in their task and Colchester fell to the Parliamentarians after a siege lasting eleven weeks.
The imagery of Humpty Dumpty
Humpty Dumpty was a colloquial term used in fifteenth century England describing someone who was obese. This has given rise to various, but inaccurate, theories surrounding the identity of Humpty Dumpty. The image of Humpty Dumpty was made famous by the illustrations included in the 'Alice through the looking glass' novel by Lewis Carroll. However, Humpty Dumpty was not a person pilloried in the famous rhyme!
The History and Origins of the Rhyme
Humpty Dumpty was in fact believed to be a large cannon! It was used during the English Civil War ( 1642 - 1649) in the Siege of Colchester (13 Jun 1648 - 27 Aug 1648). Colchester was strongly fortified by the Royalists and was laid to siege by the Parliamentarians (Roundheads). In 1648 the town of Colchester was a walled town with a castle and several churches and was protected by the city wall. Standing immediately adjacent the city wall, was St Mary's Church. A huge cannon, colloquially called Humpty Dumpty, was strategically placed on the wall next to St Mary's Church. The historical events detailing the siege of Colchester are well documented - references to the cannon ( Humpty Dumpty) are as follows:
June 15th 1648 - St Mary's Church is fortified and a large cannon is placed on the roof which was fired by ‘One-Eyed Jack Thompson'
July 14th / July 15th 1648 - The Royalist fort within the walls at St Mary's church is blown to pieces and their main cannon battery ( Humpty Dumpty) is destroyed.
August 28th 1648 - The Royalists lay down their arms, open the gates of Colchester and surrender to the Parliamentarians
A shot from a Parliamentary cannon succeeded in damaging the wall beneath Humpty Dumpty which caused the cannon to tumble to the ground. The Royalists, or Cavaliers, 'all the King's men' attempted to raise Humpty Dumpty on to another part of the wall. However, because the cannon , or Humpty Dumpty, was so heavy ' All the King's horses and all the King's men couldn't put Humpty together again!' This had a drastic consequence for the Royalists as the strategically important town of Colchester fell to the Parliamentarians after a siege lasting eleven weeks. Earliest traceable publication 1810.
COLLOQUIAL - POTOCZNY
TERM
OBESE

DESCRIBE

PERTAIN

IN FACT

CANON

ATTEMPT

SIEGE

JACK AND JILL

Jack and Jill story - The French (history) connection!
The roots of the story, or poem, of Jack and Jill are in France. Jack and Jill referred to are said to be King Louis XVI - Jack -who was beheaded (lost his crown) followed by his Queen Marie Antoinette - Jill - (who came tumbling after). The words and lyrics to the Jack and Jill poem were made more acceptable as a story for children by providing a happy ending! The actual beheadings occurred in during the Reign of Terror in 1793. The first publication date for the lyrics of Jack and Jill rhyme is 1795 - which ties-in with the history and origins. The Jack and Jill poem is also known as Jack and Gill - the mis-spelling of Gill is not uncommon in nursery rhymes as they are usually passed from generation to generation by word of mouth.
Death by Beheading!
On the gruesome subject of beheading it was the custom that following execution the severed head was held up by the hair by the executioner. This was not, as many people think, to show the crowd the head but in fact to show the head the crowd and it's own body! Consciousness remains for at least eight seconds after beheading until lack of oxygen causes unconsciousness and eventually death. The guillotine is associated with the French but the English were the first to use this device as described in our section containing Mary Mary Quite Contrary Rhyme.

ALPHABET SONG

This is one of the best-known English language alphabet songs, and perhaps the one most frequently referred to as "the alphabet song" especially in the United States. 
Music for the alphabet song including some common variations on the lyrics
The song was first copyrighted in 1835 by the Boston-based music publisher Charles Bradlee, and given the title "The A.B.C., a German air with variations for the flute with an easy accompaniment for the piano forte". The musical arrangement was attributed to Louis Le Maire (sometimes Lemaire), an 18th century composer. This was "Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1835, by C. Bradlee, in the clerk's office of the District Court of Massachusetts", according to the Newberry Library [1], which also says, "The theme is that used by Mozart for his piano variations, Ah, vous dirai-je, maman."[2] This tune is more commonly recognizable as "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star".
Lyrics: (each line represents a measure, or four beats)
a-b-c-d-e-f-g, (the comma denotes a short pause)
h-i-j-k-lmnop, (l-m-n-o spoken twice as quickly as rest of rhyme)
q-r-s, t-u-v, (pause between s and t)
w--x, y-and-z, (pause between x and y) (w and x last for two beats)
Now I know my ABCs;
next time won't you sing with me ?[3] 
Zed for Zee
In the United States, Z is pronounced zee; in most other English-speaking countries it is pronounced zed, which spoils the final rhyme. (This is also the case when it is sung in French, where "y and z" becomes "i-grec, zed".) Generally the absent zee-rhyme is not missed, although some children use a zee pronunciation in the rhyme which they would not use elsewhere. Variants of the song exist to accommodate the zed pronunciation. One variation shortens the second line and lengthens the last, to form a near-rhyme between N and zed:
a-b-c-d-e-f-g
h-i-j-k-l-m-n
o-p-q, r-s-t
u-v-w, x-y-z
Now I know my "ABC's",
Next time won't you sing with me
Other variants make significantly more changes in order to rhyme with zed, and even alter the rest of the song to fit a new rhythm. For example:
a-b-c-d-e-f-g
h-i-j-k-lmnop
q-r-s-t

ONE TWO BUCKLE MY SHOE

One theory holds that these nursery rhyme lyrics refer to the plagues that swept Europe in the Middle Ages. "One two buckle my shoe" referred to the special shoes one had to wear to pick up dead bodies, "pick up sticks and lay them straight" referred to the dead bodies one would carry to the mass graves.[citation needed] 
Lace Tell
Another theory is that this rhyme is one of the English "Lace Tells", or short songs sung by the makers of bobbin lace as a memory aid. An annotated version follows:
One, two, buckle my shoe: The lacemaker is getting up in the morning.
Three, four, shut the door: Making the house or schoolroom quiet for work.
Five, six, pick up sticks: A direct reference to the wooden or bone bobbins used in lacemaking.
Seven, eight, lay them straight: A working direction to place the bobbins properly on the pillow before proceeding to the next movement.
Nine, ten, a big fat hen: The pillow stuffed with straw that holds the lace pattern. The bobbins are twisted and crossed, with the resulting stitch held in place with a pin stuck into the pattern.
Lacemakers often worked in groups in various places around the house or in the street. The 'maids' in the rest of the piece refer to the stands used to position the pillow comfortably on the lacemaker's knees. 
Medical uses
In the medical field, a slightly different version of the rhyme becomes a very useful memory aid for the reflexes.
One, two, buckle my shoe - refers to the ankle jerk reflex. The nerve roots that supply it originate from the first and second sacral roots i.e. S1 and S2.
Three, four, kneel on the floor - the knee jerk, which is supplied by nerves from the lumbar roots L3 and L4.
Five, six, pick up sticks - flexion of the forearm refers to the biceps. The biceps reflex is supplied by nerves from the cervical roots C5 and C6.
Seven, eight, lay them straight - extension of the arm by the triceps muscle. The triceps jerk is supplied by C7 and C8.
The reflexes and their associated root origins have been known for many centuries, and this rhyme can be construed as a memory aid.
u-v-w-x-y-z
x-y-z
Butter on your bread
If you don't like it
You'll have to go to bed.